Pizza margherita
A thin base meets tomato, mozzarella and basil, then goes into a very hot oven for barely a minute. The rim puffs and chars while the middle stays soft enough to fold.
What to judge: Rim char, dough softness, tomato sweetness, mozzarella
Where to find it: a wood-fired pizzeria
Sfogliatella
Many thin pastry layers are wrapped around sweetened ricotta, semolina and candied peel. It is shatteringly crisp outside and dense inside, best eaten warm with sugar on your fingers.
What to judge: Layer crispness, ricotta texture, sweetness, warmth
Where to find it: a neighbourhood pastry counter
Ragù
Meat simmers in tomato for hours until it collapses into a dark, thick sauce that clings to pasta. More meat is often braised in the same pot, so the flavour keeps building.
What to judge: Depth, meat tenderness, tomato acidity, sauce body
Where to find it: a family trattoria
Mozzarella di bufala
Buffalo curd is stretched by hand into soft pearly balls that weep whey when torn. Eaten at room temperature with tomato, oil and salt, it is milky and faintly sour, never rubbery.
What to judge: Milkiness, elasticity, whey, salt balance
Where to find it: a cheese counter at a market
Cuoppo
A paper cone is packed with fried bites straight from the oil, from little croquettes to rice balls and vegetables. Everything should be light and crackling, eaten while walking with a napkin in hand.
What to judge: Batter lightness, crunch, oiliness, temperature
Where to find it: a late-night fry stall
Babà
A small yeast cake is soaked in rum syrup until it darkens and swells, almost collapsing under a fork. It tastes of citrus and spirits, sweet but never heavy.
What to judge: Syrup soak, crumb softness, rum, citrus
Where to find it: a pastry shop counter